Search results for "History and philosophy of science"

showing 10 items of 756 documents

Book review: Impressive analysis of meaning-making and symbols

2012

LiteratureHistoryHistory and Philosophy of Sciencebusiness.industryMeaning-makingbusinessGeneral PsychologyLinguisticsTheory & Psychology
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The plants of the future. : genome editing in biotechnology

2021

The evolution of life has led to the formation of complex systems where plants are essentials. Homo sapiens’ success is based on its ability to obtain food. In what remains of this century, the world population will increase by a quarter of the current total, reaching 10 billion people. This is itself a major challenge, amplified by the environmental conditions resulting from global change and the threat to sustainability derived from the use of the planet’s natural resources. Thus, we wonder if we will be able to respond to this challenge and, to that end, how the plants of the future should look. Recent advances in sequencing techniques allow us to identify genomes at a low cost, and geno…

MultidisciplinaryCas9Computer sciencefungifood and beveragesWorld populationData scienceGenomeNatural resourceLead (geology)History and Philosophy of ScienceGenome editingSustainabilityCRISPR
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Standards. The building blocks of complexity

2021

Without standards, the world as we know it would not be possible. International and supra-cultural standards and norms have been a key factor in engineering, as well as in the development of industrial societies. Despite the obvious successes in electronic and mechanical design, other technological areas present difficulties for the application of standards. In the field of biotechnology and synthetic biology – which aims at studying living things from an engineering perspective – standards are desirable, but whether they can be widely adopted remains to be proved.
 This monograph reviews the sociological and scientific aspects of standardisation and delves into the more problematic fa…

MultidisciplinaryHistory and Philosophy of ScienceMètode Revista de difusió de la investigació
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Sobre el poder y el caos: la política del miedo en el mundo contemporáneo Miguel Catalán, Poder y Caos. La política del miedo. Seudología VIII. Madri…

2019

PhilosophyHistory and Philosophy of Sciencelcsh:Philosophy (General)lcsh:B1-5802Anales del Seminario de Historia de la Filosofía
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The importance of the social environment for physically active lifestyle — results from an international study

2001

Physically active lifestyles are regularly associated with improved health and quality of life. Differences in lifestyles in society can partly be understood through the differences in the social and physical environment. This study examines the relationships between reported physical activity, and the extent of perceived support for physical activity in the physical and policy environment (e.g. facilities, programmes and other opportunities), and in the social environment. The data for the study come from a cross-cultural health policy study called MAREPS. In total, 3342 adults, 18 years or older, from six countries (Belgium, Finland, Germany, The Netherlands, Spain, Switzerland) were inte…

AdultCross-Cultural ComparisonMaleHealth (social science)AdolescentPhysical fitnessHealth PromotionSocial EnvironmentSocial supportQuality of life (healthcare)History and Philosophy of ScienceSocial cognitionHumansExerciseLife StyleHealth policyCognitive Behavioral Therapybusiness.industrySocial environmentMiddle AgedEuropeHealth promotionPhysical FitnessEnvironment DesignFemalePsychologybusinessSocial psychologySocial cognitive theorySocial Science & Medicine
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A course of coordinated sciences: The structure of matter

1976

Structure (mathematical logic)EngineeringHistory and Philosophy of Sciencebusiness.industryCurriculum mappingPedagogyMathematics educationbusinessScience educationEducationCourse (navigation)Science Education
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What Do You Need a Mathematician For? Martinus Hortensius ’s “Speech on the Dignity and Utility of the Mathematical Sciences ” (Amsterdam 1634)

2004

Send submissions to David E. Rowe, Fachbereich 17--Mathematik, Johannes Gutenberg University, D55099 Mainz, Germany. I n early modem Europe the term mathematical sciences was used to describe those fields of knowledge that depended on measure, number, and weight--reflecting the much-quoted passage from the Wisdom of Solomon 11, 20: "but thou hast ordered all things in measure and number and weight." This included astrology and architecture as well as arithmetic and astronomy. These scientiae or disciplinae mathematicae were generally subdivided into mathematicae purae, dealing with quantity, continuous and discrete as in geometry and arithmetic, and mathematicae mix tae or mediae, dealing n…

HierarchyMathematical sciencesGeneral Mathematicsmedia_common.quotation_subjectROWECertaintyEpistemologyDignityAstrologyGeographyHistory and Philosophy of ScienceLegitimationCosmographymedia_commonThe Mathematical Intelligencer
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The effect of physical activity on long-term income.

2013

Abstract Empirical evidence for the direct effects of physical activities on long-term labor market outcomes is limited. This state of affairs is surprising, because there is a growing amount of support on the positive effects of physical activities on health on the one hand and on the effects of good health on labor market outcomes on the other hand. We examine the long-term income effects of physical activity using a large sample ( N  = 5042) of male twins from Finland (Older Finnish Twin Cohort Study, 1975, 1981, 1990), matched to detailed register-based income data (Finnish Longitudinal Employer-Employee Data, 1990–2004). Our primary income measure is calculated over a fifteen-year peri…

AdultMaleLabour economicsHealth (social science)Control (management)Physical activityTwinsState of affairsEmpirical ResearchMotor ActivityUnobservable03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineHistory and Philosophy of Science0502 economics and businessEconomicsHumans030212 general & internal medicineLongitudinal StudiesRegistries050207 economicsEmpirical evidenceFinland05 social sciencesConfoundingMiddle AgedTerm (time)8. Economic growthIncomeCohort studySocial sciencemedicine (1982)
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Regulatory cytokine gene polymorphisms and risk of colorectal carcinoma.

2006

It is well established that cancer arises in chronically inflamed tissue, and this is particularly notable in the gastrointestinal tract. Classic examples include Helicobacter pylori-associated gastric cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, and inflammatory bowel disease-associated colorectal cancer. Growing evidence suggests that these associations might be not casual findings. Focusing on individual cytokines has generated evidence that anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 and transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) may have a complex role in gastrointestinal carcinogenesis. As an example, IL-10-deficient mice develop severe atrophic gastritis and a chronic enterocolitis, develo…

gene polymorphismsMaleRiskProlineColorectal cancerAtrophic gastritisil-10colorectal cancerMouse model of colorectal and intestinal cancerBiologymedicine.disease_causePolymorphism Single NucleotideGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMetastasisTransforming Growth Factor beta1colorectal cancercytokine genepolymorphismsHistory and Philosophy of ScienceGene FrequencyLeucineGenotypemedicineHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseAllelesGeneral Neurosciencetgf-β1CarcinomaCancermedicine.diseaseInterleukin-10Amino Acid SubstitutionItalyTumor progressionCase-Control StudiesImmunologycolorectal cancer; gene polymorphisms; il-10; tgf-β1FemaleCarcinogenesisColorectal NeoplasmsAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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SiRNA-mediated selective inhibition of mutant keratin mRNAs responsible for the skin disorder pachyonychia congenita.

2006

RNA interference offers a novel approach for treating genetic disorders including the rare monogenic skin disorder pachyonychia congenita (PC). PC is caused by mutations in keratin 6a (K6a), K6b, K16, and K17 genes, including small deletions and single nucleotide changes. Transfection experiments of a fusion gene consisting of K6a and a yellow fluorescent reporter (YFP) resulted in normal keratin filament formation in transfected cells as assayed by fluorescence microscopy. Similar constructs containing a single nucleotide change (N171K) or a three-nucleotide deletion (N171del) showed keratin aggregate formation. Mutant-specific small inhibitory RNAs (siRNAs) effectively targeted these site…

Small interfering RNABiologymedicine.disease_causeTransfectionGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyFusion geneHistory and Philosophy of ScienceCell Line TumorKeratinmedicinePachyonychia congenitaHumansRNA MessengerRNA Small Interferingchemistry.chemical_classificationMutationKeratin Filamentintegumentary systemGeneral NeuroscienceGenetic Diseases InbornKeratin-6RNAKeratin 6Amedicine.diseaseMolecular biologychemistryPachyonychia CongenitaMutationMutagenesis Site-DirectedKeratinsDimerizationAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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